Good dental care is just as important for cats as it is for people. Keeping your cat’s mouth healthy can prevent pain, infection and more serious health problems later in life. With regular checks and a simple routine at home, you can greatly reduce the risk of dental disease.
Without regular care, a cat’s teeth naturally collect a sticky layer of bacteria (plaque). Over time, minerals in saliva cause plaque to harden into tartar, which firmly attaches to the teeth and irritates the gums.
If left untreated, this build-up can lead to painful dental conditions, including:
• Gingivitis (inflamed gums)
• Inflammation of the mouth
• Tooth root infections or abscesses
• Tooth resorption, where the tooth structure breaks down
• Receding gums, which can loosen teeth
Cats are very good at hiding discomfort, so they may continue eating even when their mouth is sore. However, dental pain can still affect their appetite, behaviour and overall wellbeing.
Severe dental disease doesn’t just affect the mouth. Bacteria from infected teeth and gums can enter the bloodstream and may contribute to problems elsewhere in the body, including the heart and kidneys. Maintaining good oral health helps protect your cat’s general health too.
Advanced dental disease often requires veterinary treatment, which may include pain relief, antibiotics and dental procedures under general anaesthetic. In some cases, damaged or painful teeth need to be removed. Preventative care at home can significantly reduce the likelihood of these procedures being needed.
The goal is to limit plaque build-up and spot problems early. This includes:
• Regularly checking your cat’s mouth
• Brushing their teeth, where possible
• Using supportive dental products if brushing isn’t tolerated
Your vet should examine your cat’s teeth every 6–12 months. In between visits, try to check their mouth monthly.
When your cat is relaxed:
• Gently lift the lips to look at the teeth and gums
• Gums should be pink, not red or swollen
• Teeth should be smooth and intact
• Watch for bad breath, loose teeth or visible tartar
If you’re unsure or your cat won’t allow handling, ask your vet to check their mouth more frequently.
Contact your vet if you notice:
• Persistent bad breath
• Drooling or pawing at the mouth
• Difficulty eating or chewing
• Reduced appetite or weight loss
• Red, bleeding or sore gums
• Loose or broken teeth
• Swelling around the face or jaw
• Changes in grooming behaviour
Dental chews: Choose products designed for cats and avoid very hard items that could damage teeth.
Special diets: Some veterinary diets are designed to reduce plaque build-up through texture or added ingredients.
Dental supplements: Gels and water additives can help slow plaque formation, though they are less effective than brushing.
Always speak to your vet before introducing new dental products.
Treatment depends on the severity of the problem and may include:
• Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medication
• Antibiotics for infection
• Professional dental cleaning under general anaesthetic
• Tooth removal if teeth are damaged or painful
If you’re able to, consider pet insurance while your cat is young and healthy to help with unexpected illness or injury. If your cat becomes unwell, talk openly with your vet about the options, the likely costs, and what feels manageable for you. Together, you can tailor a plan that’s right for your cat and your situation.
Check your policy carefully, as dental cover varies.
