Cats and kittens can be vulnerable to several highly contagious diseases. Some cause severe illness and, in certain cases, can sadly be fatal. Vaccinating your cat significantly reduces their risk of catching these diseases.
Vaccinations also protect the wider cat population, by limiting the spread of infection between cats.
If your cat will be staying in a cattery, up-to-date vaccinations are usually a requirement before boarding is permitted.
Vaccines can be divided into core and non-core vaccines. Core vaccines are considered essential for all cats (including indoor-only cats). Non-core vaccines are only given to cats if there’s a genuine risk of exposure to the infection and if vaccination provides good protection.
In Ireland, core cat vaccines are considered the following:
Non- core vaccines:
Feline enteritis is caused by a virus that attacks the intestinal tract. Some cats may show no symptoms, but others can develop vomiting, severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and loss of appetite.
The virus spreads easily between cats. Young, unvaccinated kittens are at greatest risk, and the disease is often fatal in these cases.
Cat flu is like flu in people, and commonly causes sneezing, nasal discharge, watery eyes, and fever.
While adult cats often recover, the illness can still make them very unwell. Kittens, elderly cats, and those with existing health conditions are more likely to develop serious complications.
FeLV can affect cats in many ways. It may cause anaemia, weaken the immune system, or lead to the development of certain cancers. Sadly, the infection can be fatal.
Because FeLV is spread through close contact between cats, vaccination is particularly important for outdoor cats or cats living with other cats who go outside.
Although more common in dogs, cats can be infected with rabies and can be a source of infection to people. Ireland is free from rabies, but vaccination may be required for travel.
Most cats receive their initial vaccinations as kittens, followed by regular booster injections throughout adulthood to maintain protection.
Adult cats that have never been vaccinated can usually start a vaccination course at any age. If you are unsure about your cat’s vaccination history, your vet will be happy to advise.
Kittens should be vaccinated as soon as they are old enough, as advised by your vet. Early protection is important because kittens are especially vulnerable to infectious diseases.
Most kittens require a course of two injections to protect against cat flu and feline enteritis. Your vet will discuss whether FeLV vaccination is appropriate for your kitten.
Kittens should remain indoors and avoid contact with other cats for seven days after their final injection to allow full immunity to develop.
Most cats need a booster injection a year after their initial course.
After this, boosters are usually required every 1–3 years, depending on the vaccine. If a booster is missed, your cat may need to restart the primary course but please speak to your vet, who will advise you about this.
The cost of vaccinations varies between practices and depends on the type of vaccine given. Please contact your local veterinary practice for current pricing and advice.
The risk of serious illness from being unvaccinated is far greater than the risk of vaccine side effects.
Most cats experience no side effects at all. If they do, symptoms are usually mild and short-lived, such as:
These signs typically resolve within 24–48 hours. Occasionally, a small swelling may appear at the injection site, which should gradually disappear over a few weeks.
Serious reactions are extremely rare. If you have any concerns following vaccination, please contact your vet for advice.
At your appointment, your vet will carry out a full health check to ensure your cat is well enough to receive their vaccine. If your cat is unwell, vaccination may be postponed.
The vaccine is given as an injection under the skin. It is quick and generally well tolerated. This visit is also an ideal time to discuss any other concerns, such as weight management, parasite control, or dental health.
